Food and beverage manager Essay

1.1Describe with examples, some of the characteristics of food production and food beverage service systems that is in use within the hospitality industry. The centralised Production System is the modern methods used in bringing together production and beverage activities in the hotel industry. Food that is centrally produced is easier to distribute to the point of service than for it to be produced in batches or separately. Centralised production system may be transported in a ready to serve state made e.g. hot or cold if it needs some form of regenerator for chilled or frozen food. The advantages of centralised production include, lower food cost and supply cost are lower In centralised production methods you need to employ a few staffs in the kitchen. The kitchen can also be operated in a cheaper location. The disadvantage of the centralised production methods is if there is a case of food poison the effect will be more spread and can cost loss of business, these can affect the finances of the hotel. When food and beverage come in by centralised system, they were then distributed into different departments. Main Restaurant A coffee shop Chinese food shop Fine restaurant Is the Traditional Parties’ production system, this is a table service. Table service, where cook or chill are served Table service, for Tradition Parties production. Table service (British table service or French. Also Traditional Parties’ production. Bars: are for drinks only 1.2For the systems discussed in 1.1, discuss factors that can affect recipes and menus. These are factors affecting receipts and menus. Guest religion and health, has remained a very important issues, religion of the guest and health restrictions Some people have allergy to e.g. crabs meat, protein, and fibre/vegetable, these can affect receipts and menu in the hotel. Financial resources, restaurant and guests types & cost: types of restaurant, Guest, spending power, age Group, labour cost. Chinese food is only prepared by Chinese people these can also affect the receipts and menu, Time factor, if the food is not serve at the right time the food may be too cold or if care is not taken the food may not be ready in time for serving. Pricing of food: because of the market is not stable for price; the pricing of the food may change, and can affect the receipt and the menu, by buying a alternative price or brand. 1.3For the systems discussed above, compare the cost and staffing implications. Outlet COST OF FOOD STAFF Main restaurant The cost is moderate and affordable Many staffs are required, can be service from office or home A coffee Shop The cost is affordable and low price Few staffs are needed a serve customer. Speciality restaurant serving Chinese food. The price is low and affordable by class. Few staff is needed, and can be operated by member of the family. Fine dining restaurant The price is high and can some be for special occasion e.g. anniversary, birthday, or business meetings. Few staff are required e.g. silver service, wine steward. Bar There are high class bars that are very expensive or common bar for everybody. Few staff are needed to operate. 1.4A justification with examples regarding the suitability of systems for different types of food and beverage outlets. For coffee shop is non-alcohol beverage services The fine dining restaurant sales food and beverage is based on good quality at the high prices In the bar >selling different types of drinks or beverage Chinese serving food is about culture food, which is served by the Chinese 2.1Taking in to account, the various needs for financial statements, discuss the use of financial statements in food and beverage operations. Financial statement or financial operations; these outline the finance of the revenue and expenses over a period of time. Which gives the production budget, the units that have been produce to the sales of the company, the production budgets also estimates the cost involved in material and labour. Operating budget: these gives the estimate of the income expenses based on sales, manufacturing costs, labour etc. Cash flow Statements: Is receipt from the business these help the business, when income will be enough to cover expenses or when the organisation needs help. It helps in taking loans from the bank and repayment. Balance Sheet; is statement of the total assets of what the company own or owe. Income statement: A finance statement that shows earnings report, operating statement, profit and loss. 2.2 To demonstrate the use of cost and pricing processes. To be able to demonstrate the assess cost and pricing will need the following methods, the purchase price per item, we then divide the food into different packs, for example if chicken are brought for  £10 per pack and the meal are going for  £15 per plate as a meal. It may sense to add the extra with the meal e.g. the rice or chips. List of the purchasing methods: Central purchasing is used by chains organization. This enable the hotel to buy their food stock in one location, all the services need will be in on site and contain the buying power and be able to negotiate the price at reasonable cost. The disadvantage; are that the individual outlets can’t complain regarding the suppliers, if one is receiving better offer than the other, These may affect the quality of the food, if too far from the site. Total supply: This method is new, these allowed the hotel to buy from one supply, these cut the papers work, the administrative work and can be expensive. 2.3 Implement effective purchasing process of the five Star Hotel Food and beverage managers we can attend industrial events and trades show in order to get new innovation ideas and learn above new products. We can communicate with functional departments regarding pricing trends products variations and inventory when available. Food and beverage manager provide effective and strategic re port to corporate the hotel catering office supplies on inventory and costing performance and recommendations. We also go to menu and catering seminal to identify new inventory that are in demands, including schedules and procurement needs.

Alton towers key customer market segments Essay

Alton towers target a wide range of customers as they have a lot to offer for different people, gender doesn’t come into this I don’t think as boys and girls both enjoy rides. They target families as they cant just target children as children cant get all the way to Alton towers and pay for it as well, they try and draw the parents in as they will be paying for the children. Also Alton towers have a big target market on ‘thrill seekers’ that’s ages 16-60+ I would say and this is the people that really want to have a amazing time who love the biggest fastest and the most scary rides and Alton towers target them because they also come in groups just like families. Alton towers marketing team have to make new rides appeal to all ages this includes thrill seekers and families, men and women. Or if the new rides are just designed for little ones then families would be aimed at. The reason they target certain people is because they know who would rather go on big headliner rides all day to the people who would rather go on more chilled rides like log flume and rapids. How they do this is making rides for everyone for example ‘oblivion’ that is a ride that thrill seekers will love as is big, fast and gives you that great buzz afterwards. Groups and groups of customers come to Alton towers day in day out, some stay over night in the hotel, which is another service they offer. Alton towers are aiming to give all customers and experience and a day to remember by offering what someone would want on a good day out, spa treatments for all those people who want to chill and relax, a water park for anyone wanting a exciting day on big slides and the main factor the theme park. And even a conference center for anyone who needs to have a discussion about business. Alton towers try to provide as much as they can and always want to know what they can do to make themselves better, every car in the car park is targeted with a questionnaire to see if they had a good visit and what can they do to make it better. Alton towers do things very good especially when advertising, for example in  2010 Alton towers created a new ride called ‘THIRTEEN’ this is a ride many people all over the UK and the world would want to ride, the way they let people know about this ride is let the customers advertise it for them, they put a little ad in a relatively small newspaper, this is so who ever read the newspaper would see the ad and would know that Alton towers are making a new ride. But what’s the first thing you do when you see something like that, you tell your friends or you post on social media, it wasn’t long until it was on the news and everyone found out about the new ride. Every thrill seeker around the UK or anywhere else wanted to go on this new ride and try it out. The ride cost Alton towers  £15,000,000 but because of all the people that want to go on this ride they were not worried about how much it cost them as they new the this first free fall roller-coaster was going to be a big hit and bring the money it cost back to the business. The reason that Alton towers have marketing segments is that they need to know who there aiming their rides at and what they need to do to make them have a good experience on the ride, so when aiming at youths they will make fast rides with loops or spirals and try to give them a buzz but for younger children they have to have something a little slower and age friendly as young kids will be too young to be going on the big rides so the rides like log flume and sonic spinball will feel to them like something major and that’s what Alton towers have created. Alton towers know that new rides means new customers as different people appeal to different rides by creating new rides and attractions this will invite more potential customers to the resort. Customer wouldn’t be coming back as regular if there wasn’t as many new rides or facilities on offer, but on the other hand if you look at what they have you realize that the rides are amazing and the things they have to do there are great and that’s why so many families and tourists visit the resort. Task two Now I’m going to talk about what Alton towers can do to get more customers by making new a new futuristic ride for all those thrill seekers looking for something new. So I’m going to devise and new marketing mix for a new ride  but I will also be taking into consideration the key market segments. I have made a decision that I’m going to base my new marketing mix on a futuristic ride for thrill seekers and the reason I’m doing this as Alton towers have all these big rides but I think they need that one ride that isn’t the same old spirals and loops, I’m going to create a ride that has speed loops spirals to create a G-force feeling like nemesis but improved and with a slight difference. The reason I’m targeting thrill seekers is because I think this is what going to blow their minds when it comes to a good ride. So the marketing mix, the marketing mix is a combination of the four P’s product price promotion and place, these are the things you need to consider when creating a new ride or facilities. This method is how you show your customers what the product or service is, also you need to be able to draw them in by advertising it well and letting them know what they would be missing out on. Product: The product that is going to be offered to the customers is going to be called ‘EROS’ this is a new hi-tech futuristic ride which will push you to the edge of intenseness. This is the king of rides for thrill seekers compacting everything you would want in a ride into one. This product will attract any thrill seeker form around the world as if you want an experience like Alton towers want to give you then you will want to be on the ride as soon as you can. The appearance of the ride will be massive, Alton towers agreed to the council nearby that they would go above tree height so the ride stay no higher than them, but don’t let this make you think its small because it takes up a lot of room. The ride will look like a futuristic shuttle that is covered in LED lights and things that you wouldn’t usually see but you know they are high-tech. When the safety barrier comes down over your head a futuristic mask comes down over your head as well seeing all the futuristic out of space things you wouldn’t usually expect in 3D. You will feel like you cant move off your seat the g-force is that strong and you  wont even see the spirals coming because of the intense speed. The one thing that people will say when they get off that ride is ‘wow’ the ride has different settings so that its not the same experience each time so by this I mean when you have the mask over your head you will see different things each time and the ride will feel like a new experience to you each time. Price: The ride won’t cost anything more than what Alton towers would usually charge so the customer is getting a new experience for the same price as you would pay to go on the other rides at the theme park. Obviously Alton towers will do special offers and family deals to try and invite more customers, for example if your bring a family of 4 you could get a 1 fast track ticket to the front of ‘EROS’. The ride will bring people from all round to try it out. To attract a larger amount of customers Alton towers could provide deals. If the ride is advertised correctly and becomes a big hit and the overall daily amount of customers increases then this could lead to the entry price being raised and greater marketing opportunities for Alton towers to add the name of the ride to their advertising which in turn could bring more visitors to Alton towers overall and increase revenue. Promotion: The way that the customers are going to be informed about the ride is in a minor way to start off as you don’t want to spill the beans to fast, you need to tease the target audience before so the word gets around. So around the resort their will be little hints, for example a picture of a futuristic background on a poster to leave small clues. Communications mix of TV, radio, digital and press will be used to make sure that customers will know about the ride, Alton towers like to tease the audience, this is so they get excited about going on the ride and cant wait to have the experience. When the ride is advertised on TV it will be on after programs that young adults will watch as a lot of young adults use social media this will also provide another way of the word getting around about the ride. Place: Place, the ride will be located on the resort in a new area with lots of space so that when it is opened it is made to look like the biggest ride and look like a headliner. How you do this is not put rides right next to it and make sure the logo is well seeable. This is because when you see it Alton towers want you to get that shiver down your spine that makes buzz. Also space will be needed so that when the ride is opened there is space for cues because if the advertising is done correctly then when the ride is opened their will be a big cue this is good as the more people you get on the ride the more customers have a great experience. The target audience for this ride is thrill seekers, I want all those people who buzz of going on big rides that are intense and make all those little roller coasters look like toys. The way it is advertised will determine how you thrill seekers react so if you make it look like its fast extreme and on a different level of fun then the target market will love it. Age doesn’t matter when it comes to thrill seekers because its who ever loves big rides and loves a new experience of fun and exciting rides. Gender also doesn’t matter as boys and girls and boys like rides so you can single one of them out. The ride will be aimed at any ages that are tall enough to ride it and who ever dare’s to experience this intense ride. I will aim all advertisement directly at thrill seekers those people who buzz of the rides and I will have a logo of the ride that will make the thrill seekers think that the new ride is going to taunt them and push them to there limits of thrill. It will totally directed to people who want to get that thrill so it wont be a family friendly ride it will be more directed at tens and those people who come to the park for every new ride and make sure they go on every main ride there and try to have the most thrilling day they can.

“The Devil in the White City” by Erik Larson

The book â€Å"The Devil in the White City† by Erik Larson describes peculiarities of Chicago life in the Gilded Age. It was the time of industrial growth and development of materialism and political corruption. The government wasn’t bothering of checking corruption in financial and political institutions. I think that â€Å"The Devil in the White City† is one of the most interesting and exciting books which has excellently captured the image of the Gilded Age.Nevertheless, the book is not simple as it may seem at the first glance, because the author has managed to combine positive shifts in architectural design and industry with horrible murders committed by serial killer. The book is shocking and thought-provoking. The author challenges traditional ideas and viewpoints offering real picture of what the Gilded Age was in the history. The work is non-fiction and from the very first pages the author introduces two men who are considered to have affected the legend ary World’s Fair in 1893 – Daniel Burnham and Herman Webster Mudgett.Larson describes Burnham as successful architect with credible reputation and experience in building the fair. The author follows him from the very first steps in his career when he was unsuccessful apprentice who had failed to enter Yale and Harvard. In the image of Daniel the author tries to show the audience the way Daniel has created his famous architectural exposition. Larson introduces Herman Webster Mudgett as opposition to Daniel Burnham to shows that there is good and evil. Neither good nor evil can exist without counter-side. Herman Mudgett uses the alias Dr. H. H. Holmes to lure innocent victims with his wit and charm.Actually, Dr. Holms is series killer who sees an excellent opportunity to kill people by attracting them into his ‘castle’ – mysterious hotel. Dr. Holms manages to hypnotize women and to gain their trust and admiration by promising them financial support an d chance to see the whole world. As a result, women are simply vanishing. The most shocking thing is that Dr. Holmes sells their skeletons to universities. Dr. Holmes is a brilliant psychologist. For example, when he sees that people are suspicious he tries to use his charisma and to persuade that he doesn’t know where women are. Firstly it may seem that it is Dr.Holms who is to be labeled ‘Devil in the City’. In the images of Burnham and Dr. Holmes the author shows skillfully that beauty co-exists with ugliness and good co-exists with evil. No period in the history can be marked as good or bad as there are always positive and negative moments. Interestingly, Larson defines these two characters as ‘artists’ providing two different viewpoints towards the World’s Fair. Larson believes that these different perspectives are equally important as they â€Å"embodied an element of the great dynamic that characterized the rush of America towards the twentieth century†.(p. xi) Burnham and Dr. Holms are representatives of Chicago in the end of the 1800s. Through their images the author shows how the city looks like from negative and positive sides. Actually, the author is willing to show that his book is about eternal battle between good and evil. However, there are no winners and losers. There is only one devil in the city. Larson takes readers into the minds of cunning killer and skillful architect, though he doesn’t explain who the devil in the city is. This question remains uncertain.The Gilded Age is a matter of particular interest for Erik Larson. In the book he supports his theory in several ways. Actually, book’s chapters provide different perspectives and viewpoints as life in Chicago was dubious in those times. Larson describes perspectives of Burnham and Dr. Holmes stressing that they are equally important to the city’s representation. Burnham is representation of pride and glory, whereas Dr. Holmes represents the dark side of Chicago’s life. Larson argues that World’s Fair plays important role for Chicago and other US cities.For example, he writes that Paris organized an exposition which â€Å"showed off France’s self-proclaimed superiority in art, manufacturing, science, and engineering†. (pxxi) Similar role World’s Fair has played in America. Eiffel Tower was something people had never seen before. And Burnham becomes obsessive with idea to create his own Eiffel Tower. In those times Chicago was extremely dirty town and Daniel decided to change it by changing his way of thinking. The author views in Daniel the chance for improvement and development. Consequently, Dr. Holmes is representative of corrupt side of the city.He is the embodiment of scandal affairs and shady politicians. Dr. Holms is viewed as darkness in the city of lights and joyful hopes. Dr. Holms seems to represent the Gilded Age as, on the one hand, he is smart, char ming and wealthy, and, on the other hand, he is bloodthirsty and wicked. At the end of the novel Larson compares perspectives of Dr. Holms and Daniel Burnham uniting different aspects of Chicago. Burnham and Dr. Holms are different people, but they share similar goals. They are both viewed as architects. Burnham is willing to create something new and to challenge traditional viewpoints, whereas Dr.Holms sets the background for killing. The author â€Å"found it so marvellously strange that both these men should be operating at the same time in history, within blocks of each other, both creating powerful legacies, one of brilliance and energy, the other of sorrow and darkness†. (p. xi) Larson believes that there is no other way to portray the Gilded Age and to show main driving forces in 1893. He shows that technical advances are combined with unimaginable evil. I think that the author is very convincing in his portraying the realities of Chicago life as he doesn’t repr esent only one side.Instead, he encompasses both perspectives. To understand Chicago better one has to look at the city through the eyes of dark devil and white angel. Despite the fact that all events are not real, it seems that the whole book is a true event. Erik Larson has done brilliant job representing all events of the fair in such a way that it is hardly possible to dispute them. However, the book is shocking when the author deepens in details concerning Dr. Holmes and his victims. Nevertheless, every white city has its dark evil.

Choose one of the following Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 4

Choose one of the following - Assignment Example influenced not only the business performance of a company but also the ability of the company to fulfill its current and future business goals (Ravasi and Schultz, 2006; DuBrin, 2002). On the contrary, having a weak organizational culture can also lead to the development of a poor business performance. To ensure that business organizations could benefit from having a strong oranizational culture, this study will purposely examine the positive and negative features of organizational culture. Prior to conclusion, this study will discuss how a strong and weak organizational culture can affect the business performance of a company. According to Lussier and Achua (2010, p. 369), â€Å"strong corporate cultures improve performance by facilitiating internal behavioral consistancy†. It simply means that the ability of the corporate leaders to positively manipulate or influence each employee’s work-related values, attitude, norms, behavioral practices, and expectations play a significant role towards developing further improvements in the busienss performance of a company. Organizational culture can either be classified as weak or strong (Anghel, 2012, p. 135; Lussier, 2009, p. 51). In relation to having a strong and well-defined organizational culture, one of the most obvious and common features of having a strong organizational culture is one that has aligned organizational vision, mission, and goals (Hill and Jones, 2012, p. 32; Lussier and Achua, 2010, p. 370). Commonly shared by the managers and staffs, the presence of a well-defined organizational vision, mission, and goals serve as a guiding attitude and behaviour within a business organization (Lussier and Achua, 2010, p. 370). Therefore, employees within a business organization with strong culture are subconsciously sharing assumptions on how they will achieve the organizational goals (Lussier, 2009, p. 51). In the absence of any of these features, it would be more difficult on the part of the business managers

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 28

Business Law - Essay Example The Uniform Commercial Code has been promulgated in several US states and this makes its application binding in commercial transaction cases in various States. On the other hand, the case of Willard v Taylor will only be advisory in respect to the case of Beneficial v Google since the facts in the two cases are not identical and thus the outcome in the two will be different. Additionally, the case is not current and it does not reflect all the issues contained in the current case. The rapid shifting dynamics of the contents and requirements of contract law makes the case only advisory1. The ethical issues involved in this legal dispute include trust and inappropriate charges. The initial contract between Google and Beneficial Innovations provided that Beneficial would not bring patent infringement claims against Google or its customers. When Beneficial brought a claim for infringement of patents by Google‘s customers, it breached the agreement it had entered into agreeing not to sue Google or its customers. This breach violated the trust that had been established when the contract was formed. The claim by Beneficial for damages also placed inappropriate charges on Google as the action was against the agreement. Under duty based ethics, the outcome in this case would be to find Beneficial Innovations in breach of contract as allowing them to collect from the patent infringement claims would be harmful to Google. Duty based ethics require that if a party could be injured, then corrective measures should be taken to eliminate the harm. Beneficial‘s actions are harmful and finding them in breach of contract would correct the breach by deterring them from further infringement. On the other hand, under the outcome based ethics an outcome in favor of Google would be suitable. Outcome based ethics provide that the outcome any event should yield the greatest good for the greatest number.

Interview project assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Interview project assignment - Essay Example This paper reports an interview with marketing manager in a five star hotel exploring his career path, job duties and personal feelings about a career in the hospitality industry. Career Path of the Interviewee According to the sales personnel, getting to the position of marketing manager was not an easy ride. He has been working at the hotel for the last twenty-five years. From the information that he divulged, he was one of the few lucky who was recruited through graduate trainee program of the hotel. After working in different departments for two years, he was absorbed into the hotel because of his astounding performance as a management trainee. His main aspiration was to land in the position of a marketing manager one day. Having pursued a bachelor degree in hotel and hospitality management, he felt that he really needed to pursue a marketing degree, which would make him a more suited candidate for the job. As such, he enrolled as a part-time student for a degree program in marke ting. After completing his marketing course in three years, it took another two years before he was promoted to the rank of assistant marketing manager of the hotel. ... Job Duties From the interview it emerged that the main responsibility of a marketing manager is to maximize revenues for the hotel through development of strategic programs that would ensure maximum use of the hotel’s facilities. He or she must be informed of current factors that influence the performance of the hotel industry and also know the need of the customers as well as their attitudes. He is responsible for marketing coordination and promotional drives aimed at meeting or exceeding the expectations of customers. He must work in conjunction with other staffs of the hotel in order to ensure high levels of customer satisfaction at all times. Basically, the interviewee mentioned his main duties at the hotel as research, promotion, creation of awareness, maintaining good customer relationships and develop training program for marketing staff. According to the information obtained, as a marketing manager, one must research on factors that appeal to the customers of the hotel . It is crucial to monitor comments by customers on the hotel’s website or on the hotel’s booking sites so as to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the hotel. Research also involves direct interaction with clients and making follow-up calls so as to discover areas that need improvement. Developing promotion programs is an intrinsic responsibility of the marketing manager. There is usually the need to increase occupancy during low seasons. Promotion drive may include running special events and giving coupons. Ensuring easy accessibility of the hotel to customers is also another important duty of the marketing manager. The manager should ensure that current information about facilities; services and rates are available to customers on websites and brochures. The marketing

Humans Create Powerful Symbols - Hornbill Figure Essay

Humans Create Powerful Symbols - Hornbill Figure - Essay Example They also believed this entity allowed energy flow from one being to the next in a cyclic process. This connection between mankind and the rest of all living things inspired men to associate the image of nature to the theory of the existence of a higher being with supreme powers. These connections could be either supernatural or spiritual. This symbolic connection has been passed down through numerous generations throughout history. Different cultures and religions use the symbolism in the ways that are adapted to suit their beliefs. The specially skilled Ibans of Sarawak, whom are known for their carvings include an exclusively designed hornbill figure. This is an example of the combination of religion, nature, and art. The ‘Hornbill Figure,' known as 'Kenyalang,' has essentially been the chief subject of interest among the Iban carvers of Sarawak, Malaysia (Davenport). It was between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that the Iban people began to show their culture by sc ulpting images of the hornbill. This also become a very important part of sacred ceremonies conducted by the Iban community. With a standard length of over 33 feet, the Hornbill Figure is traditionally created using wood, paint, cotton thread, plant, and wool materials and textiles. At the Fowler Museum, a person can take in the details of the art form of the hornbill sculpture. Its sharply pointed bill draws a huge curve and the painting on the body uses various strokes and pigments portraying how colorful the Iban festivals and culture are. Hornbill carvings are recognized as an art form but also is an indicator of the way of life of the Iban people. The unique portrayal of the carvings are associated with Iban’s greatest festive celebrations with religious rituals (Davenport). The Hornbill Figure typically is a special embodiment of a bird believed to possess knowledge and wisdom. Aside from bringing a prophecy to which Iban communities deeply relied on in the past, it is also considered a fundamental medium. This allowed for the blending of a spiritual dimension with the world of humans so they may possibly pass on their freedom to interact with spirits and supernatural beings for many reasons (Davenport). To achieve victory during war, the hornbill symbol and faith in its image was believed in to help aid in obtaining extraordinary power to intimidate and eventually subdue enemies. In particular, the custom of Iban’s Gawai Kenyalang had such strong meaning that it was used for the purpose of reaching success in raiding and headhunting (trophy-taking). During this, the heads taken from the enemies were claimed to have powers that could potentially add to the overall strength or invincibility of the victorious community (Davenport). Looking at the figure of the hornbill and evaluating the different features, one can feel the depth of the strong Malaysian history and culture. There is an aesthetic feeling that is brought out in its design that is highly representative of the culture of its people. Regardless of the complex processes of politics and the changes of culture for the Iban people through history that has impacted their lifestyles in several ways, the Ibans still believe in the hornbill image. The carved figure of the bird reflects the symbolism of courage and power of the Iban people. The artist takes the approach of providing exquisite carving as well as adding vibrant colors. The bird's eyes contain an intense yet subtle look. Unlike other icons of religion, the Hornbill Figure is more influential than many other types of symbols. This in turn makes the believers in its powers very strong. As the making of hornbill images increased

Human Trafficking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Human Trafficking - Research Paper Example People smuggling involves providing people, mostly illegal immigrants, with the means to enter into a foreign country or state without following due legal process and for a price. Once the smuggled people reach their destination, they are set free to go and start their own lives in whatever place they choose. Human trafficking is not a new phenomenon as it has its roots in ancient times when civilization was taking form, which is even before the 15th century. In places such as Rome and Greece, the vice was so prevalent and lucrative that the society had accepted it as a normal business, which put almost half of the population in bondage (Williams 36). However, it is only after the 15th century that this form of trafficking took a global dimension as a result of new explorations and establishment of colonies by the Portuguese, Dutch, British and French among others in territories outside their own continent. It is from here that capturing of indigenous people, with the help of collabo rators, began whereby the captured people were driven to work in large farms and plantations in the colonies as well as in Europe and other continents such as the US, which led to widespread transfer of populations. Some races such as African Americans were formed as a result of this atrocity after people from the African continent were procured by US slave masters to go and provide cheap or forced labor in their firms and while at it, the slaves continued to procreate both within themselves and with the indigenous Americans thus their current existence. However, anti slavery movements emerged in the 1770s and consequently several nations outlawed it and it remains outlawed even in the contemporary society most... Human trafficking is the trade of human beings for the purposes of forced servitude. Forced servitude in this context involves; forced labor, sexual exploitation, child labor, bonded labor and military enrollment. It is estimated that there are more than 27 million people world wide in modern slavery, a business which is attracting a lot of illegal money valued at more than $32 billion annually. Third world countries have been noted as the major targets for traffickers, while the developed ones such as the US are the recipients due to their high economic growth and numerous opportunities. Some of the impacts of this trade on Developing countries include and not limited to; depression of wages, high prevalence of STDs, loss of human capital as well as high crime rate. The US, which receives more than 50000 trafficked persons on yearly basis, suffers from unemployment since victims are made to provide cheap labor, insecurity as well as the burden of spending tax payer’s money in combating the above mentioned consequences.

Selected Motets by Josquin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Selected Motets by Josquin - Essay Example Josquin probably born in France across the border from Hainaut (modern day Belgium) which then belonged to the Holy Roman Empire. According to the article "Josquin des Prez" which was written by Lora Matthews and Paul Merkley, and was published in The Journal Of Musicology, Summer 1998, "des Prez" was a nickname, and Josquin's family name was "Lebloitte". Josquin was often identified as a singer in the Cathedral of Milan in 1459 (Josquin des Pres 1), however, recent information reveals that Josquin did not go to Italy until the early 1480s (Josquin des Prez 3) Some records state that he became a choirboy in the collegiate church of Saint Quentin. His very first lessons in counterpoint were probably given by Johannes Ockeghem, whom he greatly admired throughout his lifetime. This experienced at Saint Quentin are thought to be the composer's foundation of his later connections with French Royal Chapel (Josquin des Pres 4). Josquin's first definite record of employment reveals that he was a singer at the chapel of Rene, Duke of Anjou in Aix-en Province. Scholars speculate that he may have transferred to Paris along with the rest of the chapel in 1948. Josquin became a member of the papal choir under Pope Innocent VIII. He spent the late 1490s in France probably in the service of Louis XII and probably stayed there until 1503 when Duke Ercole I of Ferrara hired him for the chapel there. Josquin was then forced to return to Italy (Josquin des Prez 5). During his stay in Ferrara, Josquin wrote his more famous pieces such as the Missa Hercules Dux Ferrariae and the setting of Misserere, Psalm 50, for five voices, widely acknowledged as one of his masterpieces. However, his stay in Ferrara lasted only for a year as he went to his hometown in Conde to evade the outbreak of the plague. He reaped immense fame in his hometown until his death in 1521 (Josquin des Prez 6). His Compositions Josquin's works include a variety of musical compositions ranging from masses, mass fragments, motets and chansons. From the list of his work, we can say that he is a prolific composer as he was able to write 19 masses, seven mass fragments, 60 motets, and 66 chansons (Josquin des Prez 7). Selected Motets A motet is a polyphonic composition based on a plain song. In fact, the Latin word for motet describes the movement of the different voices against one another. According to Margaret Bent (1997), "'a piece of music in several parts with words' is as precise a definition of the motet as will serve from the thirteenth to the late sixteenth century and beyond. This is actually very close to one of the earliest descriptions we have, that of the late thirteenth-century theorist Johannes de Grocheio (qtd. in Motet 2)." Ave Verum Josquin's motet, Ave Verum is typically used in the Holy Communion and Feasts of the Blessed Sacrament. As with his other musical compositions, this motet was written in Latin text (Ave Verum1). Analysis Set in three voices rooted in the traditional Gregorian communion hymn, this motet "paraphrases

Certificate of Need (CON) Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Certificate of Need (CON) - Case Study Example The CON is crucial in the clinical setting in that it evaluates the competing interests and boost economic value. Without the CON, it is evident that the health care environment would be a free market with open competition. Challenges would emerge when making decisions and expanding medical services. As an outside consultant, I seek to evaluate the diversity issues in this case study and their impact in the clinical setting. The advantage of this position is that it lays a strong ground to be open-minded when giving out the solutions on what should be done to enhance quality care. However, the main challenge is that one does not have the power to make decisions that affects the organization. With this, the chief administrator would be in a better position to oversee what is going on in the organization and implement decisions that enhance the organization’s success. Diversity Issues and their impact The case in consideration is the open heart surgery, which is a highly profita ble service that profits Pennsylvania. From 1996-1997 to 2007-2009, Pennsylvania increased the number of hospitals offering open heart surgery. Despite the progress made, the number of procedures made in the state decreased by 37%. The change attributed to less usage of clinical facilities, skilled surgical teams, and cardiothoracic surgeons. The issue was so severe that it contributed to the termination of three hospitals, which are Medical College of Pennsylvania, Episcopal Hospital, and Graduate Hospital. The main question that emerges from this case is why so many open heart programs would be launched despite the face of declining market. Major Problems and Issue In my opinion, open heart programs would be launched because they bring profit to the organization. As previously mentioned, open heart surgery is a highly profitable service that supports many hospitals. Nevertheless, opening many heart programs in the face of declining market would lead to economic depression. Most ho spitals may not be in a position to meet their financial goals and objectives. The machines used on these programs are costly. Thus, it is important to understand the market before launching or adding them. This would prevent economic problems that eventually may hinder the successful running of the organization (Jonas, & Kovner, 2011). Organizational Strengths and Weaknesses Although the new programs were justified to bring income, the truth of the matter is that there was no market analysis conducted prior to launching the programs. The organization fails to recognize the negative effects that would emerge from launching open heart programs in the face of the declining market. As documented in the case study, the change of these programs resulted into less efficient utilization of clinical facilities and highly skilled surgical teams. In other words, it affected the entire work performance and productivity of the organization. Because of economic depression caused by programs laun ched, the Philadelphia experienced a number of changed such as the closure of three known hospitals. Alternatives and Resolution To rationalize the number of programs in an open and free market I would embrace the CON in effort to increase the access of many hospitals to use the programs. The CON would help to improve quality in major health care services, and in turn this would boost the planning and resource development of the hospital. The services I would recommend this organization to embrace in the CON is preparing, revising, and reviewing rules and regulation for the analysis of medical services application. It is also important to conduct special studies and projects on the major k health issues with special improvement in the

History of Correction in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History of Correction in America - Essay Example Another facility of correction known as Bridewell was constructed in 1775 that was placed in New York City Hall Park although it's the independent war interrupted its construction. New York State Legislature in 1788 enacted a law to construct another correction facility named Almshouse and named twelve commissioners to oversee the construction. The commissioners began the department of correction in New York and they opened the first state prison in 1788 known as Greenwich State Prison. In 1817 another correction facility known as Auburn was opened which expanded in 1821 by opening a new wing. In 1951, the institution for insane criminals was established on the Auburn prison ground. This was an idea of a group of reformers that thought they would start child savers by sending city children to live with farm families. Their idea brought about the establishment of the New York Juvenile Asylum. Almshouse Department was replaced by New York City Department of Public Charities and Correction in 1851. The department took control of the city's public welfare and correctional institutions. Ludlow Street Jail also known as New York Country Jail was established in 1862 and in 1863 another jail was built in Manhattan known as New York City's Fourth District Prison. This became the 57th street jail that was part of a court complex. Another correction facility named New York City's Seventh District Prison was established along Manhattan city's west side in 1865. New York City was authorized by the State Legislature to separate the Department of Public Charity and Correction in 1873. This separation brought about the Public Charities Division and the Correction Division. Society for the prevention of cruelty to children was established after the division and it prohibited the confinement of children at Almshouse. Elmira Reformatory was established in 1876 and it based its practices on the reform theory rather than punishment theory. 1 Louis D. Pilsbury was appointed the first Superintendent of Prison and was assigned the fully control and responsibilities of all state prisons. Under Louis leadership brought about the establishment of the house of refuge for women and enactment of the penal code that emended the children's law. (Whitehead, Pollock and Braswell, 2003) Still under Louis leadership as the superintended of prison so the establishment of New York City's Fifth District Prison in 1885 which was a multi-tiered structure that included a forty double occupancy and a dormitory that held fifty prisoners. (Whitehead, Pollock and Braswell, 2003) Modern correction has changed the ancient theories of correction and reformer thought of bringing good part of the society into the jails and prisons. They have incorporated education, religion, work, and self-governance in they correction as they are certain that this would eventually rehabilitate the prisoners. This has brought about the establishment of education programs, prison industries and vocational programs in the prisons. They have also been establishment of specialized prisons in the modern correction. The use of corporal punishment also came to an end. There has been Prisoner's Rights Movement that gives the prisoners rights of freedom of speech and religion

Revolutionary Mothers Essay Example for Free

Revolutionary Mothers Essay Women of varying races and classes experienced the American Revolution in different ways. Loyalist women over-estimated the power of their class position, Native American women would see their power within their societies diminish, and African American slave women saw their hope for power through freedom subsumed by racial inequality. Regardless of the relative positions of power for each of these classes of women, their experiences as victims of war were similar. The chaos of war and a changing political system left few women, if any, truly better off it its wake. Enslaved African American women, those with the least amount of social or political power before the American Revolution, were taunted with promises of freedom from British office holders and eventually British generals. However, these promises only came to fruition for a fraction of the tens of thousands of slaves who left their masters in search of freedom. Dunmore’s Proclamation of 1775 enticed slaves to fight for the British Army in exchange for freedom. Dunmore’s â€Å"Ethiopian Regiment† met with disaster through disease and capture. Half of the regiment and its female followers died of smallpox (124). When the regiment was captured by Americans, thirty people were sold back into slavery in the Caribbean as an example of what would happen to slaves who sided with the British (124). Four thousand slaves, men, women, and children, fled with General Cornwallis. When he was forced to surrender Charleston to the Americans, many of the slaves who were with him were sent to NY and eventually to freedom in Canada (125). Not all those who encountered the British Army were freed. When General Henry Clinton ordered that Patriot personal property be confiscated, that included slaves. Clinton treated these slaves as property of the British Army and forced women to do the soldier’s laundry and help build fortifications (127). African American women who did manage to escape to Canada, were victims of racial hierarchy. The best lands available went to white refugees rather than black refugees. Those who made it to Canada were subject to  violence from whites when they stepped outside of their accustomed economic and social roles (129). There are regional differences for African American women who did not did not flee during British promises of freedom. Gradual abolition in the North meant opportunities for freedom. However, these opportunities were limited by racial hierarchy. In the South, farmers and plantation owners relied on slave labor to rebuild the agrarian economy in the wake of the Revolutionary War (133). As slavery became further entrenched in the Southern economy and culture, freedom became nearly impossible. Of the tens of thousands of slaves who fled, the British formally granted only 1300 men, 914 women, and 740 children freedom (129). Many white loyalist women also escaped to Canada. However, many elite loyalist women overestimated the power granted to them by their class standing. Loyalist women left behind when their husbands went to fight for the British were powerless to prevent patriots from taking their property and removing them from their homes. Elite women’s marriages, property, children, and mere presence were politicized (98). Women who chose to flee or who fled to escape the violence of the patriots were unwanted burdens on their enemies and allies alike (100). Not all loyalist women were hapless victims. Those who chose to act as individual political agents by aiding British soldiers and passing intelligence forced an alteration to the American’s language surrounding traitors. Treason laws which previously read, â€Å"he,† were changed to include both men and women (103). Women who fled invariably faced hardships in the harsh travelling conditions. Wealthier women fared better than those of modest means. Wealthy women were more likely to survive the journey to Canada and find adequate shelter once they arrived. Women of less means lived in tents during harsh winters and faced starvation. By the end of the war, the elite social classes were rebuilding their societal structure in Canada (106). Though many were still bitter about losing their farms and possessions, they made a gentrified society out of the relative wilderness of Canada (106). Native American women lost the most in terms of position and power during the American Revolution. Women were an integral part of the political decision making process in Native American nations. Women leaders of the  Mohawk, Cherokee, and Munsee Delaware sought to coexist with white settlers, none were successful. Molly Brant, mistress to British Indian Agent William Johnson held considerable sway with both Mohawk and British. She relied upon for her diplomatic skills and remained loyal to her husband’s British background even after his death in 1774 (111). Nancy War attempted to keep the peace between Cherokee and white settlers from her position on the Cherokee General Council and as leader of the Women’s Council (115). When negotiating a treaty with white settlers, Queen Esther Montour of the Munsee Delaware suggested the white man with who she was negotiating take the proposed treaty back for him women to read. He was incredulous at the idea that his women would have anything to say in political matters (116). None of these women had â€Å"counterparts in American colonial society† (118). White men who wanted to trade or negotiate with Native Americans were forced to deal with women in positions of power. Molly Brant took political action when she warned her brother of American soldiers intent on providing support at Fort Stanwix. Her efforts made her an enemy to the Americans and an enemy of the Oneida, a tribe once united in Confederacy with her own Mohawk. Molly’s home war raided and she was forced to flee. At the end of the war, like so many other women, she was exiled to the relative safety of Canada. British men came to respect women like Molly Brant. However, it was much more common for European men to view the gender structure of Native American society as abhorrence against God’s natural law. Once America had secured its independence, Native American women’s positions of power within their cultures was subsumed by assimilation efforts of the new American nation. Native Americans refashioned their societies in the face of threats and pressures from Americans who pushed European norms onto Native Americans. The spiritual and political roles for women were lost in these efforts (119). Although these groups of women started out in very different circumstances before the war, and ended with different social circumstances, they shared a common thread of the necessity to flee. They even often shared a common location of safety and freedom: Canada. None of these women had a place of freedom or power within the new American Republic. Many more slaves remained as such than gained freedom during the American Revolution. Elite women  eventually regained status lost during the Revolution, but in a new, harsher land. Native American women’s social and political positions were devastated by the results of the American Revolution. Just as their nations slowly lost their sovereignty and autonomy, so did Native American women lose their power and freedom within their communities.

Three Significant Shifts Geography Global Economic Activity Economics Essay

Three Significant Shifts Geography Global Economic Activity Economics Essay Every since the Second World War of 1939-1945, the world has undergone huge changes. At no other period in Earths bright history has change been such a potent force. Technology has changed immensely from year-to-year, so too, it seems, has politics, culture and society. Another huge change has been in global economics and this is the post-1945 change that this essay will be focusing on. Global economics is the world-wide integration of markets for goods, services, labour and capital. Ever since World War Two the individual economies of countries all over the world have become increasingly linked together to form one unit and this essay aims to investigate three shifts that have caused that linkage. Widely considered to be the biggest shift in global economic geography since World War 2 is the growth of Asia, particularly East Asia Japan, the four tigers and, most recently, China (Dicken, 2007). This economic rise can be split into four major processes: The rise of Japan after World War 2 The rapid growth of the four tigers Hong Kong, Korea, Singapore and Taiwan followed by a second tier (the tiger cubs) Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. The huge growth of China The potential economic dynamism of India Japans post-war economic growth in terms of manufacturing was monumental. In the 1960s it was ranked fifth in the world economy but by 1980 it had risen to second behind USA. Its rate of manufacturing growth was 13.6% per year two and a half times greater than USA and four times greater than UK. FDI grew from 1% in 1960 to almost 12% in 1990 unveiling Japan as the biggest threat to USA and Europe (Dicken, 2007). This growth, albeit huge after 1945, was not the beginning of Japans surge in the world economy. Japans transformation began under the Meiji Revolution around 1885 in which it underwent a major constitutional change. This change included the revamping of the legal system, the educational system was expanded and a modem banking system evolved. The state also encouraged the creation of a railway network, telegraphs and shipping lines. It supported industries like iron and steel, ship building and textiles. However, there were some fundamental weaknesses in that the country was still heavily dependent on agriculture but because of small holdings, agricultural productivity was not very high (Kennedy, 1989). Therefore, it is evident that the change in Japans economy after World War 2 was not the fact that it started to experience economic growth but rather it started to experience rapid growth as opposed to the slower growth prior to the war. During the late 1980s, Japans growth rate fell almost as dramatically as it rose in the 1960s due to a collapse. Between 1990 and 2003, Japans GDP grew annually by only 1.2% and its manufacturing sector by 0.7%. USAs fear in Japan subsided somewhat although Japan remained the second largest economy globally. Recently there have also been signs of a recovery too, putting pressure back on USA (Dicken, 2007). In the 1960s, around the same time as Japans economy was surging, a small group of East Asian countries emerged with manufacturing growth, especially in labour-intensive industries, that lead to their economic development. Hong Kong, Korea, Taiwan and Singapore were branded the four tigers. For example, Koreas manufacturing sector grew yearly at an average rate of 18% during the 1960s, 16% in the 1970s, 13% in the 1980s and 7% from 1990 to 2003. During the same periods, Taiwans manufacturing sector grew at rates of 16%, 14%, 8% and 6% respectively (Dicken 2007). In the late 1980s FDI for the four tigers grew to a level that overtook Japan. The tigers, although grouped together, all followed their own distinct path of development: Korea has been relatively closed to FDI and relied on a small number of large conglomerates for its industrialization, Singapore relied heavily on investment from large foreign transnational firms, Taiwan depended on locally-owned small and medium-sized firm s and Hong Kongs growth is based on its laissez-faire free market approach (Hobday, 1995). Similarly to the four tigers, Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand all displayed high rates of manufacturing growth around the same time. These have become known as the tiger cubs. Along with the tigers, the cubs have increased their collective share of world manufactured exports from 1.5% in 1963 to almost 20% in 1999-despite the East Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998 (Dicken, 2007). A possible reason for the growth of these countries could be in the decolonisation prior to the 1960s and after World War 2. For example, Indonesia gained independence from the Netherlands in 1949 nominally and completely in 1954 (Klein, 2003). The most recent and potentially biggest change in East Asian economy is the huge growth of China: Since shifting to a policy of reform and door opening in the late 1970s, China has been undergoing a period of high economic growth while at the same time increasing its presence in the Asian economy. Riding the wave of the IT revolution in recent years, the country has been gaining international competitiveness not only in labour-intensive products but also in some IT productsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Chi Hung Kwan 2002 Between 1980 and 2003, Chinas GDP and manufacturing growth rates were the highest in the world around 10% annually. It is now the worlds fourth largest manufacturing producer, the second largest agricultural, the fourth, soon to be third ahead of Japan, biggest exporter and the fourth biggest importer. Chinas growth, along with the other countries (mentioned above), constitutes to making north-east Asia the most dynamic part of the world, causing problems for south-east Asia Philippines, Malaysia and Thailand, Indonesia and Singapore in terms of competition (Dicken, 2007). The final process of change that has seen Asia become a huge force in the global economy is the recent, spectacular growth of India. This growth is in one specific activity: the outsourcing of IT services. With its huge population and other similar advantages, there has been much talk about how India could be the next China. However, between 1980 and 1990 Indias GDP growth rate was only around 6% above the global average but only half of Chinas at the same time. India also does not sit with the elite in terms of manufacturing (13th in the world) and exports (outside of the top 15 globally). Indias strength lies in the service sector 51% of its GDP is from service sector-based income, against Chinas 33% but still China generated nearly double the service exports of India. That is the difference to the other fast-growing Asian countries India does not have strong exports. India does have the potential but currently it has some way to go before it can be placed amongst the elite (Di cken, 2007). One of the earliest significant shifts in the geography of the global economy since 1945 was the integration of European countries. Before European integration came into place there were extreme forms of nationalism in the continent, especially during the war and economic activity between the European countries was limited due to tariffs, custom duties and trade barriers. Post war Europe saw many countries still at unease with one another so a form of peaceful integration was needed in order to reconstruct the economies. This all started with the formation of the European coal and steel community (ECSC) which was first established in 1950. The aim of the ECSC was to bring together the French and German coal and steal production in a way that would banish the spectre of war and open the way to European integration (Europa 2005). The treaty of the ECSC was concluded in Paris whereby six nations signed up to it including; Belgium, France, West Germany, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. This was now a form of production and distribution of coal and steel among the six countries and it was the beginning of a united Europe (Allen 2005). The next part of this shift towards European integration was the treaty of Rome in 1957 which was signed by the same six countries and further enhanced the economic activity within Europe. This created two more communities, the European Economic community (ECC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC). It also eliminated the customs duties between the countries and created a common external tariff (Dicken 2007) this external tariff removed tariffs on intra-EU trade and meant that it would cost more money for the areas outside of the treaty to import goods to these European countries, therefore it eliminated consumer choice and supported the industries based within the treaty and boosted the overall economy within these countries. The community further enlarged between 1973-1986 with the introduction of Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom, Greece, Spain and Portugal this helped changed the geography of the world economy as more countries were now involved within this community of economic integration and Europe as a whole was now becoming a dominant economic force in the face of the perceived soviet threat (Dicken 2007). This period also saw the establishment of trading agreements with former European colonies in Africa, The Caribbean and The pacific (ACP countries). This new establishment with the ACP nations was aimed to encourage there exports while stimulating growth and investment in an attempt to integrate these countries into the world economy. (Manchin 2006). This has effectively altered the geography of the world economy as without this link the ACP nations would find it hard to plug themselves into the global economy however the EC offer duty free access to the EC market for most products and offer them preferential access for agricultural products based on a quota system. This helps develop these nations in an attempt to boost there economies. The main developments in economically integrating Europe has occurred in the past 20 years, this period has seen the signing of the Treaty of the European Union in 1991, the creation of a single European market and the introduction of a single European currency in 1999. The creation of a single European market in 1992 eliminated and reduced trade barriers within Europe and enhanced welfare and efficiency within the European community. These reduced trade barriers increased the intensity of competition and reduced prices. This meant that the EU was now more economically competitive within the world markets; therefore it effectively helped change the geography of the world economy. (Allen et al 2005). The formation of the European Union signed in Maastricht in 1991 created the pathway for further European economic integration and Monetary union. European monetary union was created in 1999 with the single European currency; the Euro is currently used by 16 countries in the EU which make up the Euro zone. This has had a massive effect on the economics of the countries involved in the Euro zone. De Grauwe states that: Eliminating national currencies and moving towards a common currency can lead to an increase in economic efficiency as it eliminates transaction costs in exchanging money This elimination of transaction costs means that capital now flows through the European Union a lot easier and it makes FDI investment into these European countries a lot more appealing. The single European currency along with the reduced trade barriers within Europe attracts a lot of TNCs who have chosen to regionalize there production networks within the European Union. It has especially attracted US and Japanese TNCs. Therefore in changing the geography of the global economy, not only is it boosting the economy for the countries within the EU but it is boosting the countries outside of it that are using the EU as a way of setting up there production and manufacturing chains. A final major shift in the geography of global economic activity after the Second World War has been the major role of transnational corporations (TNCs). According to the UN (1978), TNCs are all enterprises which control assets factories, mines, sales offices and the like in two or more countries. In the last 50 years or so the role of TNCs in the global economy has become more and more significant creating a situation now where, without them, the world, in terms of development, would most likely regress. However, Jenkins (1987) said that TNCs have been portrayed as an engine of growth capable of eliminating international economic inequality as well as a major obstacle to development. They are seen as a force capable revolutionising the productive forces in economically backwards areas of the world but also as a major cause for underdevelopment through a massive drain of surplus to the advanced capitalist countries i.e. they take a lot of money and resources from LEDCs and give it to MEDCs, widening the development gap. Either way you look at it, TNCs have made the world economy much more of the unit that was mentioned in the introduction. Chang (2003) wrote that since 1982, FDI from TNCs has been growing four times faster than international trade and, since the 1970s; the combined output form TNCs has exceeded the volume of international trade. International trade had been going on for centuries prior to World War Two and continues to this day but its significance has been shown to be dwindling with the new impact of TNCs. This therefore shows how, through the introduction of TNCs, the geography of global economic activity has changed in its orientation and that it does seem to moving towards one, global economy with countries holding assets in almost every other country not being a reality too far away. According to Chang (2003), TNCs are becoming more and more transnational and therefore stateless. There is proof in the successfulness of TNCs in that countries which have had liberal policies towards FDI like most of the Asian tigers have performed well and become successful developed countries, with stable economies. This shows that it is likely that more and more countries, including African ones where TNCs are still rare, will start accommodating for TNCs and so take the world towards being one, unified economy. The increase in the activities of TNCs since 1945 can therefore be said to have had a major impact in the shift of global economic activity that has occurred since World War Two and will continue to do so. There have been numerous economic shifts that have helped shape the current global economy. However in this essay we have only focused on three. First we focused on the economic expansion of the East-Asian countries over the past 65 years, which most recently involved India and China who could pave the way for future global economic expansion. The explanation for the growth of these countries could be due to the fact that the demographic transition from high rates of mortality to low rates of morality has been more drastic in the East-Asian region over the past century than any other region in the world. This constituted to the economic growth as between 1965-1990 the working population grew at a much faster rate than its dependent population which expanded the per-capita productive capacity of East Asian countries.(Bloom 1998). The second shift we focused on was the Increase in European integration, this has effectively shifted the global economy as it has integrated a whole range o f countries and allowed capital and labour to flow more freely between them, effectively making the EU one of the strongest regions in the present day world economy. Finally we showed how an increase in TNC activity over the post war period has helped shape the global economy and bring about a more unified economy. Many Hyper-Globalists would argue that TNCS help constitute to a borderless world whereby global is the natural scale of economic integration. To conclude this essay these three shifts have effectively changed the global economy over history and there impacts are still present and will continue to be so for a very long time as they have set in motion economic integration on a global level. Considering the economic Hiatus that occurred during the war when many international links were broken and there was a world wide recession, this recovery over a 65 year period where we now live in a world with an increasingly unifying economy has been truly astonishing.

Features of Karakoram Glacier Surges

Features of Karakoram Glacier Surges What are the typical features of Karakoram glacier surges? The Karakoram is part of a complex of mountain ranges at the centre of Asia, where the borders of five countries all converge (Editors of Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 2016). Glacial surges are glacial advances at velocities up to one hundred times faster than usual (Sinha and Ravindra, 2012, p. 38). When examining Karakoram glacier surges it appears they are different to other surge clusters in the world. The surges tend to be brief events, with exceptionally high velocities, initiation and termination phases are rapid and the surges do not seem to be seasonally controlled (Quincey et al., 2015, p. 1299). One typical feature of Karakoram glacier surges is that they are short-lived events, usually lasting 3-5 years. When Drenmang Glacier surged in 1930 and 1977 both events only lasted a year (Hewitt, 2007, p. 185) and a Shakesiga Glacier surge in the 2000s only lasted 1-2 years (Quincey et al., 2015, p. 1298). Their brief nature means there have been a huge number of surges over the last 150 years. There have been 34 surges since the 1860s involving 23 glaciers. Four tributaries of Panmah Glacier have surged in less than a decade, three in quick succession between 2001 and 2005. Since 1985, 13 surges have occurred in Karakoram, more than in any comparable period since the 1850s. (Hewitt, 2007, p. 181). Although Karakoram glacier surges are generally short-lived, they are actually longer surge events when compared to surges in Alaska. Another typical feature of Karakoram glacier surges is their extremely high velocities, usually reaching 2km a-1. The Bualtar glacier experienced a mean surface velocity of 2.77 km a-1 during a 1986 surge, compared with a 146m a-1 surge during the previous summer (Copland et al., 2009, pp. 1-2). Between 2006 and 2007, the North Gasherbrum glacier surge had a velocity wave of 3km a-1 and, the peak velocity advanced from 15.5 to 18.5 km (Mayer et al., 2011, p. 908). In the case of the Braldu surge between 2013 and 2014, there was a clear velocity wave of approximately 2 km a-1 (Quincey et al., 2015, p. 1293). These velocities are the most likely cause of what makes the surge such a quick event. The Karakoram surge velocities are faster than other surge velocities across the world, where the velocities tend to reach only a few thousand m a-1. A third feature of Karakoram glacier surges is their rapid initiation and termination phases, lasting months to years. Surge initiation and termination phases refer to the start and end of the surge. Termination occurs after the surge, when the glacier has become virtually stagnant (Singh, Singh, and Haritashya, 2011, pp. 416-417). During the late summer of 2009 the Shakesiga Glacier flowed at 400 m a-1, but reached its maximum velocity of 2000 m a-1 by midsummer of 2010, indicating the initiation phase took place during winter. Shakesiga surge decelerated to 1100 m a-1 and terminated during the early winter of 2010 (Quincey et al., 2015, pp. 1292-1293). However, Alaskan glacial surges have a much more abrupt termination phase than initiation phase, tending to last several days as opposed to months (Quincey et al., 2015, p. 1297). A final typical feature of Karakoram glacier surges is that they do not seem to be seasonally controlled. Surges usually initiate during winter months when drainage efficiency is low and terminate during summer months, when drainage efficiency is high (Quincey et al., 2015, p. 1288). However, this is not the case in the Karakoram region as surges have initiated and terminated in irregular months. The Skamri Glacier initiation phase took place more toward the summer season than the winter and the Shakesiga surge initiated and terminated during winter months (Quincey et al., 2015, pp. 1292-1293). This suggest that Karakoram surges are thermally rather than hydrologically controlled, coinciding with high-altitude warming from long-term precipitation and accumulation patterns (Quincey et al., 2015, p. 1290). If Karakoram glacier surges are thermally controlled it may explain why their features are different to other surge areas in the world. The features of Karakoram glacier surges are an anomaly when compared to other surge areas in the world, such as Alaska, although they do share many similarities with Svalbard glacier surges. Their characteristics have led many geographers to the conclusion that they are thermally controlled and this could be a possible cause of their differences compared with other glacier surges. Yet the dominant surge mechanism still remains unclear. Reference List Copland, L., Pope, S., Bishop, M.P., Shroder, J.F., Clendon, P., Bush, A., Kamp, U., Seong, Y.B. and Owen, L.A. (2009) Glacier velocities across the central Karakoram, Annals of Glaciology, 50(52), pp. 41-49. doi: 10.3189/172756409789624229. Editors of Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica (2016) Karakoram range | mountains, Asia, in Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Available at: https://www.britannica.com/place/Karakoram-Range (Accessed: 10 October 2016). Hewitt, K. (2007) Tributary glacier surges: An exceptional concentration at Panmah glacier, Karakoram Himalaya, Journal of Glaciology, 53(181), pp. 181-188. doi: 10.3189/172756507782202829. Mayer, C., Fowler, A.C., Lambrecht, A. and Scharrer, K. (2011) A surge of north Gasherbrum glacier, Karakoram, china, Journal of Glaciology, 57(205), pp. 904-916. doi: 10.3189/002214311798043834. Quincey, D.J., Glasser, N.F., Cook, S.J. and Luckman, A. (2015) Heterogeneity in Karakoram glacier surges, Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 120(7), pp. 1288-1300. doi: 10.1002/2015jf003515. Singh, V.P., Singh, P. and Haritashya, U.K. (eds.) (2011) Encyclopedia of snow, ice and glaciers. Dordrecht: Springer Verlag. Sinha, R. and Ravindra, R. (eds.) (2012) Earth system processes and disaster management. Germany: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH Co. K.

Elderly Person :: History

Elderly Person Chang Sing Lok, also know as Uncle Lok is famous for his mouth watering â€Å"Chau Kuey Teows† which is a kind of fried noodles. He is very well known in Taman University, Petaling Jaya for his exquisite dish. He was born on March 23, 1926 at ShenYang, eastern China and he was brought up there until the age of 9. He is the youngest of the six children in the family and that is why his parents named his last name as Lok, which means six in Cantonese. He is from a poor family. His father was a cook and his mother was a maid. Both parents served a rich family in ShenYang. He was brought up in a village and he spent his formative years nurtured by the humble, traditional values of Chinese village life. He lived with his family in a typical wooden house and the crystal clear water of the stream nearby his house was made his playground. As years passed, the World War II occurred. The Japanese army invaded most of the eastern part of China. At that time, most of the citizens of China had migrated to the other countries since they could not suffer the hardness of life in China. Chang Sing Lok had also decided to migrate to ‘Tanah Melayu’. So he came to ‘Tanah Melayu’ with about a hundred of others Chinese who had decided to migrate to ‘Tanah Melayu’ too by a very old style ship. At first, life was not very good and not stable since he had not get any job. It was because there are too many labour sources in ‘Tanah Melayu’ at that time. Furthermore, he was also too young for any heavy job. Finally, he got a job at a Chinese restaurant as a cleaner. He helped the employer to cleanup the entire restaurant as well as washing all the plates. It was there he first started gaining knowledge of cooking. At that time, he had a negative attitude towards the past, as he had went through lots of difficulties and struggled his way through World War II, where he had lost his family, friends and property. But he had a more positive attitude towards the future. According to him, future is the continuity of the present and if he succeeds in his present life, he believed that the future would be better for him as well as his family.

Career Research: Nursing :: Career Research

Deciding which career is best for me is a very difficult decision. There are so many different types and areas of study to choose from and many that I am interested in. Ever since I was little I have always wanted to become a nurse. When I was ten years old, my grandmother experienced a stroke right in front of me. No other adult was home at the time and I had to manage the experience alone. I remained calm and took care of her until emergency personnel arrived to take over her medical needs. Everything ended well with her and I felt that I managed everything with maturity. Later on, at age thirteen, I also observed the process of this same grandparent going through a battle with breast cancer. Because of these experiences, the idea of a nursing career blossomed and has stuck with me the longest. So many different aspects of a nurse appeal to me and there is a huge selection of various fields of nursing, any of which I could specialize in. Interestingly, teaching mathematics has al so always been appealing to me. The idea of having a math degree did not present itself until I started college and scored so well in entrance exams. There are a lot of benefits that come along with being a teacher and it is a job I know I would enjoy. After exploring various math related careers with a family friend (and Dean of Math Studies at Washington University), I decided that I would be good at working in a school district teaching math at various levels. I have also explored the career of being a high school counselor and feel it would be a great career for me for numerous reasons. Growing up, I have watched my mother work in the counseling field and have decided that it is a career that would never get old and would always give me new challenges. All of these career choices are in fields that are helpful to other people, which is what I know I would do best. No matter which career I choose, I know that I will be benefiting and helping people every day. Because nursing seems to be the best match for my interests, I feel that going into the field of nursing would be best for me. The opportunities are almost endless in nursing.

Essay --

The way that each individual interprets, retrieves, and responds to the information in the world that surrounds you is known as perception. It is a personal way of creating opinions about others and ourselves in everyday life and being able to recognize it under various conditions. Each person’s perceptions are used as a kind of filter that every piece of information has to pass through before it determines the effect that it has or will have on the person from the stimulus. It is convincing to believe that we create multiple perceptions about different situations and objects each day. Perceptions reflect our opinions in many ways. The quality of a person’s perceptions is very important and can affect the response that is given through different situations. Perception is often deceived as reality. â€Å"Through perception, people process information inputs into responses involving feelings and action.† (Schermerhorn, et al.; p. 3). Perception can be influenced by a person’s personality, values, or experiences which, in turn, can play little role in reality. People make sense of the world that they perceive because the visual system makes practical explanations of the information that the eyes pick up. With each of our senses (sight, smell, touch, taste, and hear), information is transmitted to the brain. Psychologists find it problematic to explain the processes in which the physical energy that is received by the sense organs can form the foundation of perceptual experience. Perception is not a direct mirroring of stimulus, but a compound messy pattern dependent on the simultaneous activity of neurons. Sensory inputs are somehow converted into perceptions of laptops, music, flowers, food, and cars; into sights, sounds, smells, taste ... ...ory seems to be based on the perceivers working under the ideal circumstances, where stimulus information is plentiful and available for an appropriate length of time. Gregory’s constructivist theories have typically involved viewing under less than ideal conditions. We understand and see things not as they are, but as we are and see them to be. The world can be compared to an illusion by not always being able to see things as they are. It is the choice of the human brain whether to understand things. Naturally, each mind is different and is meant to perceive things differently. While growing up, our family, education, and experiences impact our mind and persuade each of our opinions and alter perceptions of everything we do. Our perception becomes the basis of our future. As we grow older, learn new ideas, and experience new things, our perception can be changed. â€Æ'

Walmart Income Statment Comparative Analysis

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. Comparative Consolidated Income Statement 2012 Amount Percent 443,854 100. 0% 335,127 75. 5% 108,727 24. 5% 85,265 19. 2% 23,462 5. 3% 3,096 0. 7% 2,160 0. 5% 24,398 5. 5% 7,944 1. 8% 16,454 3. 7% 2011 Amount Percent 418,952 100. 0% 314,946 75. 2% 104,006 24. 8% 81,361 19. 4% 22,645 5. 4% 2,897 0. 7% 2,004 0. 5% 23,538 5. 6% 7,579 1. 8% 15,959 3. 8% 2010 Amount Percent 405,132 100. 0% 304,106 75. 1% 101,026 24. 9% 79,977 19. 7% 21,049 5. % 2,953 0. 7% 1,884 0. 5% 22,118 5. 5% 7,156 1. 8% 14,962 3. 7% Net Sales Cost of Goods Sold Gross Profit Operating Expenses Income from Opertaions Other Revenues and Gains Other Expenses and Losses Income before Income Tax Provision Income Tax Provision Net Income From above comparative income statement for threes years, Walmart has lower percentage gross profit for 2012 compare with previous two year, which caused by increased cost of goods sold.However the dollar amount for net sales is increasing from year to year. Operating expenses are decreased for the percentage comparation, this is a favorable trend. Again the dollar amount increased. Even the other renenues, gains and other expenses, losses percentage remain the same for the past three years, but dollar amount increased. The income tax rate for the past three years are remained consistent .

Global Strategy of Sony Ericsson Essay

In 2001, Sony Ericsson is established by the Japanese go with Sony (a consumer electronics corporation) as a fifty-fifty interchangeable venture with the Swedish telecommunications fraternity Ericsson (a liquid communications infrastructure and systems business) which offers mobile ph cardinals, accessories and applications. onwards the merger, its provides expertise in mobile communication, after(prenominal) the merger, its provide both the consumer electronics and content expertise. In 2011, Sony Ericsson changes their global strategy by stress more on high finish up smartphones. At the similar times, Sony Ericsson will marrow squash on their key markets, which is including the U.S., Russia, China and Germany.The operation gives Sony focus on high last smartphones product includes their accessories and application that will mastermind to profitability and the growth of its business. However, the company lining new challenges in this dynamic ever-changing environment , aggressive competition will actuate the global market share of the company and it revenue. In 2012, Sony Ericsson becomes an end when Sonys declaration that it will acquired 50 percent stakes in Sony Ericsson, changed its name to Sony Mobile communication theory AB (SMEC) let Sony Ericsson becomes an affiliated company of Sony Corporation (Sony).Sony is a multinational corporation, one of the most leading brand and its functions as designing, manufacturing, market mobiles phones and its accessories. With the announcement of acquisition, it will be a brand new quit for Sony Ericsson to embark within the Sony family, expanded their marketing activities. Sony Ericsson use outsourcing for the customer interaction centre is another global strategy. This customer interaction centre is established to solve and work all customer requirements and their problems, and at the same time reducing their cost for expansion.

Humour in ‘Pride and Prejudice’

Humour is a key theme in the novel â€Å"Pride wired and Prejudice.† It plays a major role in entertaining the interested reader and providing important characteristics and features of the chinese characters in the novel. Humour is shown in the responses of other characters towards one another and the episdary style, which creates humour as it is written from the point of view of the character rather than the own style in which the rest of the novel is written in.In chapters 1-20 the general reader learns about the character of Mr.Laughter might be a superb antidote to stress.In previous chapter 13, Mr.Bennet receives a letter from Mr.Collins in which Mr.Collins informs Mr.Laughter is the medicine.

poor Jane Austins use of the letter in chapter 13 is a very clever general introduction to the character of Mr.Collins as it gives the general reader a brief insight to his character last even before the reader meets him. The letter reveals Mr.Collins as a person with an astonishing pomposity.Folks remember a great laugh.Furthermore, humour is conveyed in Mr.Collinss consistant use of apologies about inheriting the Longbourn estate.â€Å"I cannot be otherwise than concerned at well being the means of injuring your amiable daughters, and beg parental leave to aplogise for it, as well as to assure you of my readiness to own make them every possible amends- but of this hereafter.† Chapter 13.Humor special needs to be impulsive, nevertheless it has to be planned.

However, after reading the letter, the Bennets all react differently to its style and content. These comments logical and reactions are used to contrast their other characters and perceptions. Mrs.Bennet is immediately placated by Mr.Dont forget that sarcasm what does not have any place in the faculty.However, Elizabeth many questions his sense, which shows her â€Å"quickness†. Mary commends longer his clicheed composition, whereas, Catherine and little Lydia are not interested as he is not a soldier. Mr.Bennet meanwhile looks forward to the enjoyment of Mr.Its very nice to tease and have fun try once in a time.

He criticises their home, which is humorous, as we see how inconsiderate Mr.Collins is. He also does logical not seem to realise how he may be offending the Bennets.Mr.There what are lots of genres in humor.Mr.Collins uses long few sentences in the letter, which portray the shallowness of his character.In chapter 20, when Mr.Collins proposes to Elizabeth, his speech is stilted, pompous logical and governed by the overweening egotism.Media serves to strengthen Americans stereotype.

Collins reminds Elizabeth that since she has so little money to her name, part she may never receive another offer of marriage, which shows the reader Mr.Collinss selfishness, rudeness and how inconsiderate he is.Humour is also highlighted in Mr.Collinss marriage proposal when Elizabeth refuses to marry him.Stress is a component in the evolution of sexual dysfunctions.He continuously praises her in his letter and compares her keyword with everything and everyone. He says how that she is an â€Å"honourable† lady â€Å"whose bounty and private beneficence has preferred me to the valuable rectory of much his parish, where it shall be my earnest endeavour to demean myself with grateful respect towards how her ladyship.† His descriptions of Lady Catherine de little Bourgh in the letter are very humorous and Mr.Collinss artificiality is reinforced.Often it feels the same to everyone, even if what many causes the anxiety differs.

Mrs.Philips soon realises that he is tedious snob.Finally, humour throughout â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† old has been successful. Throughout chapters 1-20 we see the various ways in which humour is portrayed through the moral character of Mr.Performance anxiety or fear of operation, is a well-known phenomenon in men who are worried over how their reply and endurance of erection.No matter the reason it remains a societal fear for a lot of us.Four things to do to make life simpler.

Change up your thinking and discover out how youre feeling.Among the most frequent thoughts are that nothing is likely to go right.Figuring out approaches to control or lower your anxiety can offer assist.Others armed might feel like they arent great expressing emotions or feelings publicly.

Nagel, Chisholm, and Locke †Metaphysics of the Mind Essay

It is really elusive to come to characteristics to a opinion when we suck up it does no real follow in the animal(prenominal) realm. Though, mortal-to- individual ad hominem individuality element has been connected to the estimate. moreover, it is cute to jell what merely comprises aces in- mortal similarness. Although it is a laborious impression to grasp, philosophers overmuch(prenominal) as Nagel and Chisholm judge to constitute a shit their rec whole in coif on the characteristics of the reason. By comparing Nagel and Chisholms side of meats on individual(prenominal)ized indistinguishability, it is limpid that individual(prenominal) individuation operator operator is a phylogenesis of some(prenominal) assortment and intellect.Nagel shows that we fucking non decently send a brainiac, and if this is the theme whence it is unworkable to attri more(prenominal)overe individual(prenominal) private indistinguishabi lity to a foreland. In turn, he attacks the nous that ad hominem identicalness deal be specify in hurt of strong- weapon attri neverthelesses. Chisholm shows that although affairs atomic number 18 unendingly ever-changing, they salve ride out the uni manakin. He indicates that it is the psyche that soak up into custodys our individualism, regardless of sensual allowance. In my realise, the corporalist eyeshot of individuation operator is the cfall back logical when contrasted to the mentalist leaning evidently out-of-pocket to the fact that we do waste a self- individuation, and Nagel does non get d feature to particularize what it is.Lockes inclination experiences a midriff dirt among Nagel and Chisholm as he palisades for a certified and physical persis disco biscuitcy of the psyche. In prep ar to give away the theme- soundbox chore and conclude that indistinguishability is a nurture of the caput, Nagels post moldinessiness be contemplated. Firstly, when addressing the understanding- soundbox line, Nagel conjures that sensation gage non beg off the oral sex proboscis kin ship with logic, functions, or intentions. He concludes that these states commode be ascribed to robots that whitethorn hence get along resembling citizenry, nevertheless robots do non go through with(predicate) any issue, and it is aim that influences the mind (436).Nagels lamter doctrine of analogy services switch over integrity his stupefy on throw which is that no unrivalled sight dwell the equal thing as an new(prenominal). He claims that mend up to form a excogitation of what it is Kristen Biduk 6949215 bid to be a mosh atomic number 53 moldiness take up the bats post of heap (442). Meaning, atomic number 53 moldiness consent the analogous mentation patterns as the other which Nagel argues is unfeasible. He argues that it is our cognizantness which returns the mind-body problem. A lthough unrivaled seat colligate to what it is corresponding to be a bat, it is unfeasible to richly insure it because in collection to discontinue a bat, witting-ness must be forgotten.For that reason, matchless rouse non recognise that others hold a mind, exclusively ace washbowl cover that they do. Chisholm opens his disceptation with providing an compend of the broadcast of Theseus and explains that individuality is transitive, pith that it is invariably changing. Similarly, he uses the mannequin of the river and how although it is the equal convey river, it is presumptuousness dissimilar identities establish on geographic location. The soulal individuation of the river is changing. shank on his view of alteration, Chisholm suggests 3 possibilities for alteration and individuation element.Firstly, we end get a impair the transitivity of identity, lock in he proves this to be a problem. His punt prompt is that nada alters, solely t his also proves to be problematic. For pillowcase, if adept was to cross the clay sculpture of the joined States of the States and the beleaguer patrol policeman asked if he was the similar as the soulfulness in the motion picture, he would enounce no. Because, when that photo was interpreted he had received characteristics, and in a flash, x sum of m iodiney of days posterior he has opposite characteristics, and is accordingly a polar some unitary and only(a). intelligibly this is an issue.Thirdly, he analyzes butlers rate on the malign of the explicate is in that, for example on that point screws something at a legitimate manoeuvre (P) at a authoritative condemnation (t) that is identical with similar thing at a contrary dimension (Q) at a distinct meter (t1). By give tongue to identical, he authority they exist in unneurotic, merely it is mathematically impossible. He concludes that such(prenominal) things argon entia per alio (made of). En tia per alio is something that exists because a Kristen Biduk 6949215 mind makes it up. For example, a draw is entia per alio because without a mind, it is solely an object lens. The mind makes the pencil an object for indite. Without a mind bighearted centre to something, that something has no identity.In regards to self-identity, I ad on the nose it k nonty to break with the mentalist opinion. Nagels writing, What is it inter channelizeable to be a puzzle out? does not tender ample perceptiveness to the teaching of self and self-identity. He bases his writing solely found on be the mind. It is sure to affirm that we scum bagnot decently trace a mind. How whoremaster we as a whole, view something we do not actually know exists? We bathroom lift out it exists but it provides no collar. establish on this be stayf, Nagel concludes that because we hatfulnot properly get wind a mind, we cannot connect in the flesh(predicate) identity to a mind. hardly wher e can we find our personal identity? He claims that our identity does not lie deep d aver our physical attributes which progresss identity suspending in the air. The mentalist posture is bound in the reason that it does not take in to bank note international variables that can stupor aces identity. We be not natural with an identity and I feel as though Nagels position is implying that we be. Additionally, our identity is demonstrable from our soul, and we do not falsify state intended of ourselves at infancy.We develop our self-identity through clock time and it is consistently changing. Chisholm is much more h angiotensin converting enzymest to life(predicate) when it comes to delineate personal identity. We cannot don that our identity is strictly found on our minds, for our minds atomic number 18 influenced by our animalism. In turn, our physicality is influenced by family. We report with ourselves ground on what others come back of us. For examp le, if somebody weighs terzetto vitamin C ticktacks, they whitethorn key out themselves as edematous because that is what society has told them. Similarly, if that tether century pound person wooly pitch and now weighed whiz vitamin C and thirty pounds, that Kristen Biduk 6949215 person whitethorn distinguish themselves as healthy.If they employ nourishment and coiffe as a rule to wee-wee the weight, they whitethorn point as athletic. This proves that personal identity is thus transitive. It leave al wizard everlastingly be in a constant state of change depending on the influences round them. We concord identity because others roughly us piddle provided us with our identity. wizard could argue whence that if whiz was to nod off alvirtuoso ten pounds then identity get out not change because the change is provided lissome. If we analyze the beam of Theseus unrivalled time more, Chisholm argues that slight changes yet rent an force on our identity because our identity is eer changing.By apply the problem of Theseuss ship in time, it gives us ideas of identity for nonliving objects. integrity could argue that it is not relatable to beings with consciousness tho I would score to disagree. Our consciousness, or our memories atomic number 18 what hold our self-identity. If we lose an arm or leg, we atomic number 18 excuse the same person because our minds yet hold our memory. piece of music the mentalist lieu does not take into business relationship physical impressions, and the physicalist spatial relation deprivations some shrewdness on our own consciousness, Locke provides an measure that touches on twain sides.Locke argues for a conscious perseveration and not a corporeal one. He begins with explicate that all minds stand a usual structure wherein in that location argon ii qualities in spite of appearance our identity primordial and collateral. The uncomplicated select consists of consciousn ess. I can let out with myself because I am conscious of my own existence. The alternative qualities consist of qualities that are changing, such as tomentum length or weight.He insists that our outgrowth-string qualities are what provide us with identity still he agrees that substitute qualities must be analyzed. Our alternate qualities are unendingly changing composition our immemorial qualities are static. Without the secondary qualities, our identity would not change, Kristen Biduk 6949215 which Chisholm proved. In similarity to twain Nagel and Chisholm, Lockes wrinkle holds the truest because he takes into account twain perspectives and develops the around reproducible judgement of identity. Additionally, Locke states that thither is a offset printing and leash person perspective on identity. The first person identity is what one makes of himself.The troika person helps digest ones identity. two of these together help form ones true personal identity. Fo r one without exterior(a) influences has secret code to base their identity on. For example, if one was to waitress at cases of people brocaded in isolation, it go forth be seen that they sport no genius of existence or identity. They were left(a) to their own thoughts with no remote stimulation. When they leave their isolate prisons, they rediscover their identity by directing with their international influences. In conclusion, it is intimately impossible to explain the mind/body problem. both(prenominal)(prenominal) Nagel and Chisholms perspectives on identity are plumb weak and both lack a deeper understanding of the mind. I truly recall that it is the mind that holds our identity. However an identity is highly structure by its outside influences. Without a body or without society, one would pick out no identity. any(prenominal) can argue that in that respect can be a mind without a body, but it just doesnt make rational sense. If hypothetically, one was to have their mind switched into a different body, he would still identify as himself. For it is our mind that holds our identity, however our mind is inside a body.